Acamprosate calcium is a prescription medication designed to support individuals with alcohol dependence in maintaining abstinence. It is used alongside psychosocial therapy to reduce cravings and the urge to drink in patients with alcohol use disorder.
Alcohol consumption disrupts the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain. Acamprosate helps restore this balance, primarily by reducing excessive neural excitation associated with alcohol dependence.
Structurally, acamprosate resembles the neurotransmitters GABA and taurine. While its exact mechanism is unclear, it is believed to modulate GABA and NMDA glutamatergic receptor activity and may also supply calcium.
In 2004, the FDA approved the branded version, Campral, which has since been discontinued. However, generic delayed-release acamprosate calcium tablets remain available.
Primary Use
Acamprosate is prescribed to maintain alcohol abstinence in dependent patients who have already stopped drinking. It must be part of a broader treatment plan including counseling. It does not alleviate alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Key Considerations
Contraindications
Avoid acamprosate if allergic to it or its components, or if you have severe kidney impairment.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Consult a doctor before use.
Pre-Treatment Disclosure
Inform your healthcare provider about:
Dosage Instructions
Missed Dose
Take the next dose as soon as remembered. If close to the next scheduled dose, skip the missed one. Do not double the dose.
Overdose
Seek emergency help or call Poison Control (1-800-222-1222). Overdose may cause diarrhea or hypercalcemia with prolonged excess use.
Precautions
Side Effects
Common side effects include:
This is not an exhaustive list. Report side effects to your doctor or the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
For full prescribing details, consult official medical resources.
