Acyclovir injection is an antiviral medication classified as a synthetic nucleoside analogue. It is indicated for:
- Treatment of initial and recurrent herpes simplex infections in immunocompromised patients
- Management of herpes zoster (shingles) in patients with weakened immune systems
- First-episode genital herpes in immunocompetent individuals
- Herpes simplex encephalitis (brain infection)
- Neonatal herpes infections
Important Limitations
- Not a cure for genital herpes
- Does not prevent transmission of genital herpes
Administration Guidelines
- Route: Intravenous infusion only
- Standard dosing: Administered over 1 hour every 8 hours
- Treatment duration depends on:
- Patient's health status
- Type and severity of infection
- Age
- Treatment response
Special Considerations
- Administration settings:
- May be given in hospital or home settings
- Proper training required for home administration
- Precautions:
- Renal function monitoring essential
- Adequate hydration recommended during treatment
- Requires dose adjustment in renal impairment
Drug Interactions
Potential interactions with:
- Nephrotoxic agents (increased renal toxicity risk)
- Probenecid (may decrease acyclovir clearance)
- Zidovudine (may cause increased drowsiness)
Adverse Effects
Common side effects:
- Injection site reactions
- Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting)
Serious adverse reactions:
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Neurological symptoms
- Renal impairment
- Hematological abnormalities
Monitoring Requirements
- Renal function tests
- Neurological status
- Hydration status
- Signs of hypersensitivity
Patient Counseling Points
- Importance of completing full treatment course
- Recognition of adverse effects
- Need for adequate hydration
- Proper storage and handling
- Follow-up requirements
Overdose Management
Symptoms may include:
- Neurological manifestations
- Renal impairment
- Lethargy
Treatment:
- Supportive care
- Hemodialysis may be beneficial
- Contact poison control (1-800-222-1222)
Storage Conditions
- Store at controlled room temperature
- Protect from light
- Follow manufacturer's stability recommendations
This professional summary provides essential information but does not replace individualized medical advice. Consult complete prescribing information and healthcare providers for specific recommendations.